Circuit Protection Devices

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Key components involved in circuit protection:

1. Fuses: Fuses are protective devices designed to break the circuit when excessive current flows through it, preventing damage to the components downstream.
2. Circuit Breakers: Similar to fuses, circuit breakers automatically interrupt the flow of current when a fault is detected. Unlike fuses, circuit breakers can be reset after tripping.
3. Surge Protectors: These devices are employed to suppress voltage spikes or surges, commonly caused by lightning, and protect sensitive electronic equipment from damage.
4. Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS): TVS diodes and other suppressors protect against transient voltage spikes by diverting excess voltage away from sensitive components.
5. Varistors: Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are voltage-dependent resistors used to protect circuits against overvoltage conditions.
6. Thermal Protection: Thermal cutoffs and sensors are utilized to detect overheating and shut down the circuit to prevent damage due to excessive temperature.
7. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI): GFCIs monitor the balance between incoming and outgoing current and quickly disconnect the circuit if an imbalance is detected, preventing electric shocks.